仿生超滑表面在微生物腐蚀及污损防护应用中的研究
孙士美
学位类型硕士
导师张盾
2015-11-27
学位授予单位中国科学院大学
学位授予地点北京
学位专业海洋腐蚀与防护
关键词海洋微生物污损 海洋微生物腐蚀 仿生超疏水表面 仿生超滑表面 金属铝 玻璃
摘要海洋生物污损和海洋微生物腐蚀严重影响和制约着人类对海洋资源的开发与利用。抑制海洋微生物在材料表面的初始附着对于防治微生物污损和微生物腐蚀具有重要的意义,而材料表面的润湿性对于海洋微生物的初始附着过程有重要的作用。本论文主要采用了电化学方法和化学刻蚀方法构建了仿生超疏水和超滑表面,利用扫描电子显微镜、荧光显微镜和电化学交流阻抗等技术研究了硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)和绿藻在不同海水环境中不同类型的材料表面的附着情况,主要结果如下:
(1)采用电化学刻蚀-低表面能修饰-全氟聚醚油注入三步法在铝表面制备了仿生超滑表面,所制备的仿生超滑表面能够有效地抑制静态和动态模拟环境中SRB的附着,这是由于超滑表面作为一种“类液体”表面,无法为细菌的附着提供“锚点”。仿生超滑表面可以有效抑制SRB所致基体铝的腐蚀,这主要归因于全氟聚醚油膜对腐蚀性介质和基体的隔离作用。
(2)采用化学刻蚀-表面修饰两步法在玻璃基体表面制备具有多孔片状微观结构的超疏水表面,获得表面静态接触角为158±3°,且具有很小的滚动角,刻蚀修饰后的玻璃最大透过率为99.3%,比空白玻璃的透过率(91.2%)高出很多;提出玻璃表面微观结构的形成主要机制是在碱性条件下玻璃中的改性离子如K+,Na+被置换出来,玻璃表面的硅氧四面体发生重组所致;
(3)采用化学刻蚀-低表面能修饰-全氟聚醚油注入三步法在玻璃表面制备了仿生超滑表面,所得超滑表面的透过率为97.6%。在此基础上,对比了空白玻璃,超疏水表面和超滑表面三种不同表面SRB和绿藻附着的情况,证明超疏水表面和超滑表面均能抑制玻璃表面SRB和绿藻的附着,但是与超疏水表面相比,超滑表面相对稳定,可在相对较长的测试时间内有效抑制微生物的附着。
其他摘要Marine biofouling and marine microbiologically induced corrosion are great challenges for people, which is a serious obstacle to make full use of marine resources. It is of great importance to restrain the initial adhesion, and on the other hand, the adhesion has a great interaction with the wettability of the material surfaces. In this thesis, bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces and bio-inspired slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) were constructed to evaluate the antibiofouling power by electrochemical chemical methods and some technologies such as sanning electron microscopy (SEM) , fluorescence microscope, electrochemical impendance spectroscopy (EIS) and so on were used. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) The bio-inspired SLIPS were prepared on Al substrate by three steps: etched by electrochemical method, modified with low surface energy materials and then infused lubricant. The SLIPS have great performance in the inhibition of biofouling in simulated static and dynamic state of marine environment. This mainly depends on the presence of lubricant on Al that SRB can’t adhere.And also the SLIPS can prevent sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) induced corrosion. This is mainly because the lubrication infused in the porous surfaces isolates the substrate from the corrosive medium in the sea water.
(2) The bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces were prepared on glass substrate by chemical etching and modifying method. The structure of glass surfaces after etching is roughness and porous. The contact angle of the superhydrophobic surfaces is 158±3°with a small rolling angle. The transmittance of the etched glass is 99.3%, which is higher than the blank glass (91.2%). The chemical etching mechanism is the replacement of the modified ions such as K+, Na+ in the glass by OH- and the reconstruction of silicon oxygen tetrahedron.
 (3) The bio-inspired SLIPS were prepared on glass substrate by three steps: etched by electrochemical method, modified with low surface energy materials and then infused lubricant. The transmittance of SLIPS is 97.6%. Then three different wettability surfaces were compared in the microbial adhesion experiment (SRB and green alga): the blank glass, the superhydrophobic surfaces and the SLIPS. The last two surfaces have great performance in the inhibition of biofouling, but the SLIPS can keep for longer time of antifouling because of the oil layer and selfhealing ability.
学科领域海洋腐蚀与防护
语种中文
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/86539
专题海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室
作者单位1.中国科学院海洋研究所
2.中国科学院大学
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孙士美. 仿生超滑表面在微生物腐蚀及污损防护应用中的研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2015.
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