Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships' ballast water and sediment

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2022.102220

	Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships' ballast water and sediment
	Tang, Ying Zhong 1,2,3; Shang, Lixia 1,2,3; Dobbs, Fred C.4
	2022-05-01
发表期刊	HARMFUL ALGAE
ISSN	1568-9883
卷号	114 页码:12
通讯作者	Tang, Ying Zhong(yingzhong.tang@qdio.ac.cn) ; Dobbs, Fred C.(fdobbs@odu.edu)
摘要	Expansion of harmful algal bloom (HAB) species through ships' ballast water and sediment has been an increasing concern. Determining whether a microalgal cell, particularly for the toxic and HAB-forming species, is "viable" or "dead" is fundamental to understanding the effectiveness of the many ballast-water treatments that have been considered. To this end, we screened a variety of stains to assess the viability of dinoflagellate (Gymnodinium catenatum, GC) cysts and diatom (Corethron hystrix) vegetative cells to test the efficiency of ballast water treatments. Results showed that the stains fluorescing red or green are not sound candidates for viability measurements due to the interference of chlorophyll-induced red fluorescence or cytosolic green auto fluorescence, while the use of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide is limited by its toxicity, pseudo-positive judgment and the consequent confusion between cysts and vegetative cells. We further demonstrated that the stain Neutral Red (NR) is a sound candidate as the "vital stain" and can be easily applied for functionally defining the viability of both dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms. Another stain, the Evans Blue (EB), could be used as a "mortal stain" for the vegetative diatom cells but not a sensitive indicator of viability for GC cysts. The NR staining for GC cysts generally needs a higher dosage (0.005%) and longer staining time (24 h) than that were used for staining zooplankton, diatoms, and vegetative cells of dinoflagellates. In all cases, EB staining defined a "percentage of viable cells" significantly higher than that defined by NR. We conclude that the viability of a population is highly dependent on the species of stains used thus must be referred as a method defined indicator.
关键词	Harmful algal blooms (HABs) Viability Neutral Red (NR) Evans Blue (EB) Gymnodinium catenatum Corethron hystrix
DOI	10.1016/j.hal.2022.102220
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) , U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC)[NA04OAR4170146] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41976134]
WOS研究方向	Marine & Freshwater Biology
WOS类目	Marine & Freshwater Biology
WOS记录号	WOS:000782314500002
出版者	ELSEVIER
引用统计	被引频次：6[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/178850
专题	海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室
通讯作者	Tang, Ying Zhong; Dobbs, Fred C.
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, CAS Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China 2.Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266237, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Mega Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China 4.Old Domin Univ, Dept Ocean & Earth Sci, 4600 Elkhorn Ave, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
第一作者单位	海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室
通讯作者单位	海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tang, Ying Zhong,Shang, Lixia,Dobbs, Fred C.. Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships' ballast water and sediment[J]. HARMFUL ALGAE,2022,114:12.
APA	Tang, Ying Zhong,Shang, Lixia,&Dobbs, Fred C..(2022).Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships' ballast water and sediment.HARMFUL ALGAE,114,12.
MLA	Tang, Ying Zhong,et al."Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships' ballast water and sediment".HARMFUL ALGAE 114(2022):12.