IOCAS-IR  > 海洋地质与环境重点实验室
加罗林洋脊北部海山区重磁场特征
韩潇
学位类型硕士
导师付永涛
2022-05-21
学位授予单位中国科学院大学
学位授予地点中国科学院海洋研究所
关键词加罗林洋脊,重磁异常分离,重磁数据处理,莫霍面反演
摘要
加罗林洋脊海山区位于太平洋板块、菲律宾海板块和加罗林板块交汇处,三大板块之间的相互作用非常复杂,构造活动频繁,造就了复杂的板块边缘地貌特征。近些年国内外开展了广泛的海山系统的研究,已经成为了海洋科学的一大热点,但是受到技术方法的制约,目前对海山仍然缺乏深入的认识。本文采用Model Vision重磁物探解释处理软件对加罗林洋脊海山区及邻区的卫星重磁数据进行处理,得到了研究区的垂向一次二次导数、水平方向导数、不同半径趋势化分析的重磁区域场和剩余场等图件,并利用重力异常分离的区域场反演了研究区的莫霍面,结合加罗林洋脊的发育演化特点等资料,主要形成了以下几点认识:
(1)布格重力异常数据为索罗尔海槽研究提供了重要依据。索罗尔海槽引起的重力异常在小尺度分离的区域场容易识别,两侧加罗林洋脊引起的负异常分别向两侧延伸。在大尺度分离的区域场,索罗尔海槽的内异常的变化幅度大于两侧洋脊,说明索罗尔海槽的基底与两侧洋脊并不相同,加罗林洋脊基底比索罗尔海槽基底平滑。莫霍面反演结果也证实,索罗尔海槽地形起伏剧烈。
(2)加罗林洋脊北侧的构造活动更加强烈,而南侧相对平稳。索罗尔海槽南部低重力异常对应加罗林洋脊,与索罗尔海槽基本平行展布,北侧加罗林洋脊引起的负异常的明显复杂于南侧洋脊。布格重力剩余场中,西加罗林洋脊几乎无异常显示,与索罗尔海槽异常边界明显,索罗尔海槽向北至北侧加罗林海域有诸多小异常,说明西加罗林洋脊的后期沉积地层平稳,而北侧的加罗林洋脊浅部地层受火山活动或者地形的影响,沉积密度界面不稳定。
(3)马里亚纳海沟重磁异常特征明显,马里亚纳海沟和雅浦海沟交汇处,海沟向北偏西方向推进。
(4)加罗林群岛海底火山链应为古老的洋脊,与索罗尔海槽相似,都是加罗林板块与太平洋板块的边界。莫霍面反演结果显示,加罗林洋脊地壳厚度在11.9-14.9 km之间,通过反演可以发现加罗林洋脊的地壳厚度和正常洋壳仍然有所不同。
其他摘要
The Caroline Ridge Seamounts are located at the confluence of the Pacific plate, the Philippine Sea plate and the Caroline Plate. The interaction between the three plates is very complex, and the tectonic activity is frequent, which results in the complex geomorphologic features of the plate margin. In recent years, extensive researches on seamounts have been carried out at home and abroad, which has become a hot topic in Marine science. However, limited by technical methods, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of seamounts. This paper adopts ModelVision software for Caroline Ridge Seamounts and its adjacent area data processing, that contains satellite gravity and magnetic data. The diagrams of the vertical primary and secondary derivatives, the horizontal derivatives, the gravity and magnetic regional fields and the residual fields with different radius are obtained. The regional field separated by gravity anomalies is used to inverse the depth of Moho in the study area, and the development and evolution characteristics of the Caroline Ridge are combined. The following points of understanding have been formed:
(1) Bougher gravity anomaly data provide important basis for the study of the solor trough. The gravity anomalies caused by the Solor Trough can be easily identified in the small-scale separated regional field, and the negative anomalies caused by the Two Caroline ridges extend to the two sides respectively. In the large scale separated regional field, the variation range of the internal anomaly of the Solor trough is greater than that of the two ridges, indicating that the solor trough basement is different from the two ridges, and the Caroline ridge basement is smoother than the Solor trough basement. Moho inversion results also confirm that the topography of the Solor trough is highly fluctuated.
(2) The tectonic activity of the north side of the Caroline Ridge is more intense, while that of the south side is relatively stable. The low gravity anomaly in the south of the Solorian Trough corresponds to the Caroline trough, which is basically parallel to the Solorian trough. The negative anomaly caused by the North Carolina ridge is obviously more complicated than the south ridge. In residual bouguer gravity field, the western Caroline Ridge shows few anomalies, but the anomalous boundary with the sorol trough is obvious. There are many small anomalies in the sea area from the north of the sorol trough to the north of Caroline.
(3) The gravity and magnetic anomaly characteristics of the Mariana Trench are obvious. At the junction of the Mariana Trench and the Yap Trench, the trench is pushed to the west-north direction.
(4) The Caroline Islands chain should be an ancient ridge, similar to the sorol trough, which is the boundary between the Caroline Plate and the Pacific Plate. The results of Moho surface inversion show that the crust thickness of the Caroline Ridge is between 11.9 km and 14.9 km, and the crust thickness of the Caroline Ridge is different from that of the normal oceanic crust.
语种中文
目录
 
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 选题背景和研究意义 1
1.2 研究区资料来源 3
1.3 研究内容及思路 5
第2章 研究区概况 7
2.1 区域地质背景 7
2.2 构造单元划分 8
2.2.1 加罗林洋脊 9
2.2.2 菲律宾海盆 12
2.2.3 雅浦海沟 13
2.3 构造演化史 14
2.3.1 加罗林洋脊演化史 16
2.3.2 菲律宾海盆扩张演化史 17
2.3.3 雅浦俯冲带演化史 18
第3章 重磁资料处理解释方法技术 19
3.1 磁力异常化极 19
3.2 完全布格校正 21
3.3 解析延拓 22
3.4 方向导数 23
3.5 布格异常分离 24
3.6 归一化总水平导数垂向导数位场边缘识别 26
3.7 密度界面反演 29
第4章 研究区重磁解释 30
4.1 重力异常特征 30
4.2 磁力异常特征 40
4.3 重、磁和地形数据的归一化总水平导数垂向导数计算 48
4.4 莫霍面反演及区划 53
第5章 结论和建议 55
5.1 结论 55
5.2 建议 57
参考文献 58
致 谢 64
作者简历及攻读学位期间发表的学术论文与研究成果 65
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/178385
专题海洋地质与环境重点实验室
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韩潇. 加罗林洋脊北部海山区重磁场特征[D]. 中国科学院海洋研究所. 中国科学院大学,2022.
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