中国海多毛纲磷虫科和竹节虫科的分类学研究

	中国海多毛纲磷虫科和竹节虫科的分类学研究
	王跃云1,2
学位类型	博士
导师	李新正
	2017-05-18
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
学位授予地点	北京
学位专业	海洋生物学
关键词	分类学环节动物门多毛纲磷虫科竹节虫科
摘要	磷虫科（Chaetopteridae）和竹节虫科（Maldanidae）是环节动物门（Annelida）多毛纲（Polychaeta）常见的管栖类群，广布于潮间带至深海。但这两个科通常难以采集到完整标本，鉴定十分困难。因此，这两个科的系统学知识还十分匮乏，直到近年来才受到了国内外的广泛关注。本工作首次对中国海的磷虫科和竹节虫科进行了系统的分类学研究，澄清了一些种类的分类学错误，并整理了各类群的地理分布。本研究依据材料为中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物标本馆的馆藏标本和近年来海洋调查中新采集的标本。文中详细记述了各个物种的分类学信息。建立新属1个，描述新种7个，新记录亚科2个，新记录种10个。探索了刚毛、项沟等的亚显微结构在竹节虫科分类学中的作用。根据文献和标本分析修订了各科属高级分类阶元的定义范畴，提供了各亚科和属种的检索表。为印度-太平洋海域的多毛类动物分类学和动物地理学研究提供了重要基础资料。其中，磷虫科记述4属10种；研究发现黄海海区广泛分布的磷虫科稚磷虫属2个新记录种：三番濑稚磷虫Spiochaetopterus sanbanzensis和韩国稚磷虫S. koreana，首次发现三番濑稚磷虫广布于黄海软泥底质，韩国稚磷虫多分布于沿岸海区；以前一些文献记录中的肋骨稚磷虫Spiochaetopterus costarum应该是中国海磷虫科种类的错误鉴定记录，该种仅分布于地中海大西洋地区；根据海南岛采集标本发现叶磷虫属一新种：海南叶磷虫Phyllochaetopterus hainanensis Wang & Li, 2016，其触手后具1对粗大的“触须”而与该属其他物种显著不同。竹节虫科记述17属31种；包括真节虫亚科6属17种，其中2个新种：粗壮襟节虫Clymenella crassa sp. nov.和青岛等须虫Isocirrus qingdaoensis sp. nov.；索节虫亚科2种，其中1属种为新记录：棕带竹节虫Clymenopsis cingulata；根据最新分类学文献修订整理了竹节虫亚科各属，记述竹节虫亚科5属7种，包括1新属（腰带竹节虫属Paramaldane Wang & Li, 2016）3新种（弯钩竹节虫Maldane adunca Wang & Li, 2016、腰带竹节虫Paramaldane glandicincta Wang & Li, 2016和中华竹节虫Sabaco sinicus sp. nov.）以及1新记录种（比奇萧管虫Chirimia biceps），其中中华竹节虫Sabaco sinicus sp. nov.广布于南海和东海，以前被记录为钩齿短脊虫（Asychis gangeticus）；征节虫亚科记述2属3种，其中1新种（红带花节虫Petaloproctus cerasinus sp. nov.）；背节虫亚科虽然在中国海有分布记录（太平洋背节虫Notoproctus pacificus），但本次检视并未发现相应标本；在中国海首次记述到瑰节虫亚科1新记录种：细小瑰节虫Rhodine gracilior Tauber, 1879。
其他摘要	Chaetopteridae and Maldanidae are two tubicolous and common families of Polychaeta (Annelida) found in hard or soft substrates from intertidal zone to deep sea. They are very difficult to get complete specimens and identify. Their taxonomy and systematics knowledge are still poorly known. The taxonomy of Chaetopteridae and Maldanidae from China seas is firstly studied by the present work. Geographical distribution of each species is provided. Taxonomic confusion of some taxa are amended. The examined materials include specimens deposited in the Marine Biological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences (MBM, CAS) and the specimens recently collected from China seas. The taxonomic information of each taxon is described in detail. One new genus was erected. Eight new species were described and ten species were firstly recorded from China seas. Systematic value of chaetae and nuchal grooves ultrastructure was explored. Based on literatures and the specimens, we summarized and emended the diagnostic information of subfamilies and genera of these two families. Keys to distinguish subfamilies, genera and species are provided. This study provides basic data for taxonomy and zoogeography of polychaetes from Indo-Pacific region. Four genera and ten species of Chaetopteridae are described, including two newly recorded species widely distributed in the Yellow Sea: Spiochaetopterus koreana and S. sanbanzensis. Spiochaetopterus koreana occurs in coastal waters while S. sanbanzensis widely occurs in soft sediments of offshore waters. Spiochaetopterus costarum, a species reported previously from China seas, is distinctly a misidentification. This species is restricted to Mediterranean-Atlantic areas. A new species, Phyllochaetopterus hainanensis Wang & Li, 2016, was found based on materials from Hainan Island. The new species can be easily distinguished from close species by a pair of stout curved “cirri” located on the base of palps. Sixteen genera and thirty-one species belong to Maldanidae are described. Six subfamilies and their genera are summarized and emended according to new high classification of the family. Six genera and seventeen species of subfamily Euclymeninae Arwidsson, 1906 are described, including two new species, Clymenella crassa sp. nov. and Isocirrus qingdaoensis sp. nov. One species, Clymenopsis cingulata (Ehlers, 1887), belonging to subfamily Lumbriclymeninae Arwidsson, 1906, is reported from the China seas for the ﬁrst time. Five genera and seven species belonging to subfamily Maldaninae Malmgren, 1867 described here with new taxonomic revision. One new genus (Paramaldane Wang & Li, 2016), three new species (Maldane adunca Wang & Li, 2016, Paramaldane glandicincta Wang & Li, 2016 and Sabaco sinicus sp. nov.) and a newly recorded species (Chirimia biceps) from the China seas are described. Sabaco sinicus sp. nov., previously recorded as Asychis gangeticus, is found widely distributing in the South China Sea and the East China Sea. Three species including a new species, Petaloproctus cerasinus sp. nov., belonging to two genera of subfamily Nicomache Malmgren, 1865 are described. Notoproctus pacificus, belonging to subfamily Notoproctinae Detinova, 1985, reported from Taiwan Strait previously, without specimens to support the report. A species of the subfamily Rhodine Malmgren, 1865, Rhodine gracilior Tauber, 1879, is reported for the ﬁrst time from the North Yellow Sea.
学科领域	海洋生物学
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/136575
专题	海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室
作者单位	1.中国科学院海洋研究所 2.中国科学院大学
第一作者单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王跃云. 中国海多毛纲磷虫科和竹节虫科的分类学研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2017.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
王跃云-学位论文.pdf（30035KB）	学位论文		限制开放	CC BY-NC-SA	浏览